Fluorescence-guided surgical system using holographic display: From phantom studies to canine patients

SIGNIFICANCE: Holographic display technology is a promising area of research that can lead to significant advancements in cancer surgery. We present the benefits of combining bioinspired multispectral imaging technology with holographic goggles for fluorescence-guided cancer surgery. Through a series of experiments with 43D-printed phantoms, small animal models of cancer, and surgeries on canine patients with head and neck cancer, we showcase the advantages of this holistic approach. AIM: The aim of our study is to demonstrate the feasibility and potential benefits of utilizing holographic display for fluorescence-guided surgery through a series of experiments involving 3D-printed phantoms and canine patients with head and neck cancer. APPROACH: We explore the integration of a bioinspired camera with a mixed reality headset to project fluorescent images as holograms onto a see-through display, and we demonstrate the potential benefits of this technology through benchtop and RESULTS: Our complete imaging and holographic display system showcased improved delineation of fluorescent targets in phantoms compared with the 2D monitor display approach and easy integration into the veterinarian surgical workflow. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our findings, it is evident that our comprehensive approach, which combines a bioinspired multispectral imaging sensor with holographic goggles, holds promise in enhancing the presentation of fluorescent information to surgeons during intraoperative scenarios while minimizing disruptions

Prevalence of three-rooted primary mandibular second molars in Karnataka (South Indian) population

Background: The occurrence of an extra distal root in primary mandibular first molars is relevant clinically for the delivery of optimal care. However, there have been no studies conducted for establishing the prevalence of same in South Indian population. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of three-rooted primary mandibular second molars in South Indian children. Materials and Methods: Intraoral periapical radiographs of bilateral primary mandibular second molars, obtained from 77 patients, were investigated for the presence of additional root. A total of 154 primary mandibular second molars were examined. Results: The total occurrence of three-rooted primary mandibular second molar among the study participants was 6.5%. A male:female ratio of 1.5:1 was noted. Three-rooted primary first molar occurrence on the right side was noted to be higher than on the left, with 2.6% having a bilateral occurrence. Conclusion: 6.5% of children have an additional root making it rare entity

Volumetric evaluation of various obturation techniques in primary teeth using cone beam computed tomography – An in vitro study

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the efficiency of five different obturation methods in delivering the filling material into the canals of primary teeth using cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) scan. Method: A total of fifty prepared canals of primary teeth which further divided into five groups with ten canals in each group were obturated with zinc oxide-eugenol cement using five different obturation methods such as endodontic plugger, lentulo spiral (handheld), lentulo spiral mounted on slow speed handpiece, local anesthetic syringe, and tuberculin syringe. Using CBCT scan, the pre- and post-obturation volume and the percentage of obturated volume (POV) were calculated for each group. The results obtained were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test. Results: Following CBCT scan, the method obturated with lentulo spiral mounted to handpiece showed the highest POV value followed by the method of lentulo spiral mounted to handpiece, hand plugger, and tuberculin syringe. Local anesthetic syringe gave the least POV (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Lentulo spiral mounted to handpiece showed the best technique of obturation using CBCT evaluation among the five groups evaluated in primary teeth. However, more studies are highly essential to prove it a boon for estimating obturation quality in primary teeth